However, case reports of invasive trichosporonosis have been frequently published and the genus is. Molecular identification of trichosporon species pdf. Trichosporon cutaneum is shown to utilize six disaccharides, cellobiose, maltose, lactose, sucrose, melibiose, and trehalose. Both can be a constituent of the normal microbiota but can also cause both superficial and invasive infections in humans. In this study, we evaluated colony pcr, which directly uses colonies or trace clinical samples as the template for amplification, for rapid. We investigated the possibility of utilizing unusual carbon sources by three yeast strains.
Aug 23, 2017 single cell oil sco production from lignocelluloses by oleaginous microorganisms is still high in production cost, making the subsequent production of biofuels inviable economically in such an era of low oil prices. Feb 12, 2018 voriconazole and posaconazole show excellent in vitro activity against trichosporon. Transport and hydrolysis of disaccharides by trichosporon. Trichosporon species and blastoschizomyces capitatus are related fungi and are rare causes of invasive infection in humans.
Figure 1a shows the impact of yeast extract supplementation on glucose consumption, cell growth and lipid accumulation of t. The phenol hydroxylase from trichosporon cutaneum hydroxylates phenol to catechol. Dimorphism of trichosporon cutaneum and impact on its. Identification, genotyping, and pathogenicity of trichosporon spp. Clinical isolates are generally related to superficial infections. The former species is the imperfect state ofdebaryomyces hansenii zopf.
Invasive infections caused by trichosporon species and. The culture medium consists of 5% glycerol, 5% corn steep liquor, 1% mineral mixture and 1% 1 m potassium phosphate buffer, ph 7. Phenol uptake is not directly linked to its ohydroxylation inside the cell, the first step of phenol metabolism. In particular, the name trichosporon beigelii is now obsolete, and previously described infections reported in the literature under this name could in fact be due to any one of the species listed below. This superficial mycosis occurs mostly in temperate and tropical regions and is rarely seen in north. This pdf is available for free download from a site hosted by medknow publications. Aug 29, 2019 compared to the oleaginous yeast yarrowia lipolytica, trichosporon cutaneum can metabolize pentose sugars more efficiently, and in the meantime is more tolerant to inhibitors, which is suitable for lipid production from lignocellulosic biomass. The reevaluation of the genus trichosporon has led to the replacement of the old taxon trichosporon beigelii by six new species. Merz, successful treatment of trichosporon mucoides infection with fluconazole in a heart and kidney transplant recipient.
Here we describe trichosporon species distribution and prevalence of. Bioremediation of chromium ions with filamentous yeast trichosporon cutaneum r57. Nevertheless, in 1942 diddens and lodder considered t. Biochemical conversion of lignocellulose hydrolysates remains challenging, largely because most microbial processes have markedly reduced efficiency in the presence of both hexoses and pentoses. Race cloning of the tal cdna and the gene was expressed in the. Trichosporon asahii infection in a patient with metastatic. This led to the use of two names for this fungus with clinical relevance. Bloodstream infections due to trichosporon spp species. Enzyme and microbial technology 34 2004 242247 comparison of growth kinetics and phenol metabolizing enzymes of trichosporon cutaneum r57 and mutants with modified degradation abilities zlatka alexievaa a. The crystal structure model of phenol hydroxylase has been corrected for 11 sequence errors and refined against new data to 1. The gene encoding this enzyme was sequenced using 3. Six of them are pathogenic to humans and occupy different niches on the. University of groningen growth of candida famata and.
Dimorphism of trichosporon cutaneum and impact on its lipid. These strains are characterized by high biomass yield, ability to accumulate high amounts of lipids, and their potential as producers of dietetically important fatty acids. Candida krusei dbm 26, trichosporon cutaneum ccy 30510, and yarrowia lipolytica ccy 302636. A novel tyrosineinducible tyrosine ammonia lyase enzyme was isolated from the yeast trichosporon cutaneum.
Trichosporon cutaneum an overview sciencedirect topics. Growth of candidafamata and trichosporon cutaneum on uric acid as the sole source of carbon and energy, a hitherto unknown property of yeasts. Disseminated trichosporon beigelii cutaneum infection in an. Trichosporon asahii is an emerging, lifethreatening opportunistic pathogen. Trichosporon cutaneum has been reported to be the most common yeast in onychomycosis 5,7,8. Single cell oil sco production from lignocelluloses by oleaginous microorganisms is still high in production cost, making the subsequent production of biofuels inviable economically in such an era of low oil prices. Disseminated trichosporon beigelii cutaneum infection in. We describe the first human infection with a related organism, t. Comparison of growth kinetics and phenol metabolizing. Trichosporon sepsis and leukemia trichosporon sepsis and leukemia rivera, robert. Over the past decade, the taxonomy of the genus trichosporon has been subjected to extensive revision on the basis of molecular data, and the previously named t. There are a few reports of genetic transformation systems for t. An trichosporon cutaneum in uska species han fungi in nahilalakip ha divisio nga basidiomycota, ngan nga syahan ginhulagway ni beurm.
Comparative analysis of the function and regulation of aspartate kinase and homoserine dehydrogenase in both strains was carried out. Trichosporon asahii is the major pathogen causing invasive trichosporonosis. Trichosporon cutaneum definition of trichosporon cutaneum. Trichosporon beigelii is a minor component of normal skin flora, and is widely distributed in nature, but nevertheless is the most significant pathogen in the genus trichosporon. It is a yeastlike fungus, often found in soil, decomposing wood, air, rivers, lakes, seawater, cheese, scarab beetles, bird droppings, bats, pigeons and cattle. For full access to this pdf, sign in to an existing account, or purchase an annual. Trichosporon asahii an overview sciencedirect topics. Approximately 50 species of the genus trichosporon have been characterized, 16 of which are associated with diseases in humans. Comparison of growth kinetics and phenol metabolizing enzymes of trichosporon cutaneum r57 and mutants with modified degradation abilities.
For many years, the unique species of the genus, trichosporon beigelli, was only known as an environmental and saprophytic fungus occasionally found as the etiological agent of white piedra. Simultaneous utilization of glucose and xylose for lipid. The nomenclature for this genus has undergone taxonomic revision, and the old trichosporon beigelii also called t. A 23yearold woman presented with trichosporon cutaneum, which invaded deep into the dermis and subcutaneous tissue of the face and developed chronic. Antonie van leeuwenhoek 49 1983 3668 growth of candidafamata and trichosporon cutaneum on uric acid as the sole source of carbon and energy, a hitherto unknown property of yeasts w. Trichosporon species are ureasepositive, nonencapsulated basidiomycetous yeasts characterised by the development of hyaline, septate hyphae that fragment into oval or rectangular arthroconidia. Phenol utilization by filamentous yeast tric hosporon cutaneum.
Trichosporon asahii, urinary tract infection trichosporon behrend is a genus of anamorphic yeasts yeast can be isolated from the sputum, the urine, the skin and. The higher resolution data together with careful exploitation of noncrystallographic symmetry restraints and the use of many small groups for refinement of anisotropic displacement parameters resulted in a large decrease in the crystallographic r factor. Pdf bioremediation of chromium ions with filamentous. Trichosporon asahii septic thrombophlebitis following. Infection with trichosporon pullulans annals of internal. The ability to adhere to and form biofilms on implanted devices can account for the progress of invasive trichosporonosis, as it can promote the escape from antifungal drugs and host immune responses. Trichosporon trikosporon, trikosporon, a genus of imperfect fungi that possess branching septate hyphae with arthroconidia and blastoconidia. Most are typically isolated from soil, but several species occur as a natural part of the skin microbiota of humans and other animals. Aug 01, 2015 arthrospores are a primitive spore type formed by the fragmentation of the hyphal strand through the septation point. The culture medium consists of 5% glycerol, 5% corn steep liquor, 1% mineral mixture and 1% 1 m. Facial granuloma associated with trichosporon cutaneum infection. Publishers pdf, also known as version of record publication date. Phenol utilization by filamentous yeast trichosporon cutaneum article pdf available in bioprocess and biosystems engineering 204. These microorganisms have a broad geographical distribution and some species are resistant to.
Successful treatment of trichosporon mucoides infection with. However, this fungus has been recognized as an opportunistic agent of invasive infections, mostly in cancer patients and those exposed to invasive medical procedures. This reaction initiates a metabolic sequence permitting utilisation of the aromatic compound as a source of carbon and energy. Sequencing of the ribosomal dna rdna intergenic spacer 1 igs1 is currently mandatory for accurate trichosporon identification, but it is not usually performed in routine laboratories.
The phenol hydroxylase from trichosporon cutaneum hydroxylates phenol to. They colonize the skin and gastrointestinal tract of humans. Trichosporon asahii is a major causative agent of deepseated trichosporonosis, which has a high mortality rate. Successful treatment of trichosporon mucoides infection with fluconazole in a heart and kidney. Fortunately in the recent years, studies of trichosporon epidemiology, virulence factors 15,16, antifungal susceptibility 16,17, and animal models of infection 18,19 have been conducted. Trichosporon beigelii, adopted by physicians, and trichosporon. Trichosporon inkin peritonitis treated with caspofungin. Alternatively, you can download the file locally and open with any standalone pdf reader. Single cell oil production by trichosporon cutaneum from. Systemic infection by this fungus has been most frequently described in immunocompromised hosts with neutropenia, but one case has been reported in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome setting. Five species of trichosporon delineated by these new criteria have been associated with humans.
Rapid and simple detection of trichosporon asahii by. He had had an aortic valve replacement for rheumatic heart disease 3 years earlier. Trichosporonosis is a potentially lifethreatening disseminated infection with trichosporon beigelii, the causative agent of white piedra. The name trichosporon cutaneum is often used synonymously with trichosporon beigelii. Trichosporon cutaneum, and exceptionally trichosporon asahii and trichosporon loubieri 2, 6. Urinary tract infection by trichosporon asahii s sood, d pathak, r sharma, s rishi abstract trichosporon asahii is a basidiomycetous yeast which causes white piedra and onychomycosis in immunocompetent hosts as well as various localized and disseminated invasive infections in immunodeficient hosts. The colonies are usually raised and have a waxy appearance, which develop radial furrows and irregular folds. Trichosporon cutaneum ifo 0173 is available from the institute for fermentation, osaka. Soilliving yeasts use flavin adenine dinucleotide fadcontaining enzymes to hydroxylate phenols. The present paper shows that such phenolinduced cells contain a specific, energydependent uptake system for phenol. Disseminated trichosporon beigelii cutaneum infection in an artificial heart recipient.
Trichosporon spp an emerging fungal pathogen medicina. Feb 12, 2018 trichosporon species are fungi that commonly inhabit the soil. In strains of the yeast species trichosporon cutaneum septal pores of the basidiomycetetype were observed by electron microscopy. Amplification products were selectively obtained from only t. Osao adachi, in handbook of proteolytic enzymes third edition, 20. Rare case of trichosporon mucoides skin infection in an. Voriconazole and posaconazole show excellent in vitro activity against trichosporon. This enzyme has a higher activity for tyrosine than for phenylalanine and is useful for the production of parahydroxycinnamic acid directly from tyrosine. An trichosporon cutaneum in nahilalakip ha genus nga trichosporon, ngan familia nga trichosporonaceae. Thus, identification of microorganisms capable of efficient and simultaneous utilization of both glucose and xylose is pivotal to improving this process.
Trichosporon asahii infection in a patient with metastatic prostate cancer as an example of an emerging fungal pathogen kyle magee, mlsascpcm. Therefore, how to upgrade the final products of lignocellulosebased bioprocess to more valuable ones is becoming a more and more important issue. From the eye hospital, khartoum, and the microbiology mycology department, faculty. Trichosporon cutaneum is a dimorphic fungus initially isolated from a dairy factory and, not. Successful treatment of trichosporon mucoides infection. However, this species experiences dimorphic transition between yeastform cells and hyphae during submerged fermentation, which consequently affects. Invasive infections with trichosporon beigelii also called cutaneum or t. Identification of trichosporon asahii by pcr based on. Trichosporon pullulans phadia setting the standard. Pdf comparison of growth kinetics and phenol metabolizing.
Veenhuis 2 1laboratory of microbiology, agricultural university, wageningen, the netherlands. Trichosporon mucoides has been reported from several cases of kidney, heart. Conventional methods of its detection are timeconsuming or costly and often require complex dna extraction and purification steps, which hinders rapid clinical diagnosis. International journal of analytical chemistry hindawi. Invasive trichosporon cutaneum beigelii infection in a patient with relapsed acute myeloid leukemia undergoing bone. All species of trichosporon are yeasts with no known teleomorphs sexual states. Yeast growth and lipid synthesis are regulated by nutritional conditions, particularly nitrogen limitation, through which amino acid metabolism is regulated to redirect carbon flux to lipid synthesis. Trichosporon cutaneum r57 and it s derivative strain nz94 are able to accumulale significant cellular amounts of methionine. Trichosporon is a genus of anamorphic fungi in the family trichosporonaceae. Growth of candidafamata and trichosporon cutaneum on uric acid as the sole source of carbon and energy, a hitherto unknown property of yeasts w. Yeasts of the anascosporogenous genus trichosporon are characterized by the formation of budding cells and septate mycelium which falls apart into arthrospores. Us6951751b2 dna and amino acid sequences of a tyrosine. Disseminated trichosporon beigelii cutaneum infection in an artificial. Aug 24, 2011 biochemical conversion of lignocellulose hydrolysates remains challenging, largely because most microbial processes have markedly reduced efficiency in the presence of both hexoses and pentoses.
Proliferation of trichosporon yeasts in the hair can lead to an unpleasant but nonserious condition. The soil yeast trichosporon cutaneum, which is distinguished by having a strictly oxidative metabolism, can be induced to utilize phenol as a sole carbon source. The culture medium consists of 5% glycerol, 5% corn steep liquor, 1% mineral mixture and 1%. Phenol utilization by filamentous yeast trichosporon cutaneum.